El éxodo de los habitantes de Bikini | Las pruebas en Enewetak | La operación Castle Bravo | Las pruebas nucleares en la actualidad 
Entre 1946 y 1958 el ejército de Estados Unidos llevó a cabo pruebas nucleares en las Islas Marshall de manera continuada, 43 en el atolón Enewetak, 23 en el atolón Bikini, y una aproximadamente a 85 millas de Enewetak. En conjunto las 67 pruebas nucleares tuvieron una potencia 7.000 veces superior a la bomba lanzada sobre Hiroshima. La más destacada fue la bomba de Hidrógeno llamada Bravo, con una fuerza equivalente a 1.000 veces la bomba de Hiroshima. Las bombas tuvieron importantes repercusiones en el medio ambiente así como en la salud de las personas, incluso en poblaciones supuestamente alejadas del peligro como Rongelap o Utrik, que debido a los vientos y las lluvias ácidas estuvieron sometidas a radiaciones nucleares. Los habitantes de Enewetak y Bikini tuvieron que sufrir, además, la expulsión de sus tierras. Detonaciones de pruebas nucleares del ejército de los Estados Unidos en las Islas Marshall [1] |
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Listing of Nuclear Tests in the Marshall Islands: A Chronology of Events
Test # | Date | Site | Type | Yield (kt.) | Operation | Test |
1 | 6/30/46 | Bikini | Airdrop | 21.00 | CROSSROADS | ABLE |
2 | 7/24/46 | Bikini | Underwater | 21.00 | CROSSROADS | BAKER |
3 | 4/14/48 | Enewetak | Tower | 37.00 | SANDSTONE | XRAY |
4 | 4/30/48 | Enewetak | Tower | 49.00 | SANDSTONE | YOKE |
5 | 5/14/48 | Enewetak | Tower | 18.00 | SANDSTONE | ZEBRA |
6 | 4/7/51 | Enewetak | Tower | 81.00 | GREENHOUSE | DOG |
7 | 4/20/51 | Enewetak | Tower | 47.00 | GREENHOUSE | EASY |
8 | 5/8/51 | Enewetak | Tower | 225.00 | GREENHOUSE | GEORGE |
9 | 5/24/51 | Enewetak | Tower | 45.50 | GREENHOUSE | ITEM |
10 | 10/31/52 | Enewetak | Surface | 10,400.00 | IVY | MIKE |
11 | 11/15/52 | Enewetak | Air Drop | 500.00 | IVY | KING |
12 | 2/28/54 | Bikini | Surface | 15,000.00 | CASTLE | BRAVO |
13 | 3/26/54 | Bikini | Barge | 11,000.00 | CASTLE | ROMEO |
14 | 4/6/54 | Bikini | Surface | 110.00 | CASTLE | KOON |
15 | 4/25/54 | Bikini | Barge | 6,900.00 | CASTLE | UNION |
16 | 5/4/54 | Bikini | Barge | 13,500.00 | CASTLE | YANKEE |
17 | 5/13/54 | Enewetak | Barge | 1,690.00 | CASTLE | NECTAR |
18 | 5/2/56 | Bikini | Air Drop | 3,800.00 | REDWING | CHEROKEE |
19 | 5/4/56 | Enewetak | Surface | 40.00 | REDWING | LACROSSE |
20 | 5/27/56 | Bikini | Surface | 3,500.00 | REDWING | ZUNI |
21 | 5/27/56 | Enewetak | Tower | 0.19 | REDWING | YUMA |
22 | 5/30/56 | Enewetak | Tower | 14.90 | REDWING | ERIE |
23 | 6/6/56 | Enewetak | Surface | 13.70 | REDWING | SEMINOLE |
24 | 6/11/56 | Bikini | Barge | 365.00 | REDWING | FLATHEAD |
25 | 6/11/56 | Enewetak | Tower | 8.00 | REDWING | BLACKFOOT |
26 | 6/13/56 | Enewetak | Tower | 1.49 | REDWING | KICKAPOO |
27 | 6/16/56 | Enewetak | Air Drop | 1.70 | REDWING | OSAGE |
28 | 6/21/56 | Enewetak | Tower | 15.20 | REDWING | INCA |
29 | 6/25/56 | Bikini | Barge | 1,100.00 | REDWING | DAKOTA |
30 | 7/2/56 | Enewetak | Tower | 360.00 | REDWING | MOHAWK |
31 | 7/8/56 | Enewetak | Barge | 1,850.00 | REDWING | APACHE |
32 | 7/10/56 | Bikini | Barge | 4,500.00 | REDWING | NAVAJO |
33 | 7/20/56 | Bikini | Barge | 5,000.00 | REDWING | TEWA |
34 | 7/21/56 | Enewetak | Barge | 250.00 | REDWING | HURON |
35 | 4/28/58 | Near Enewetak | Balloon | 1.70 | HARDTACK I | YUCCA |
36 | 5/5/58 | Enewetak | Surface | 18.00 | HARDTACK I | CACTUS |
37 | 5/11/58 | Bikini | Barge | 1,360.00 | HARDTACK I | FIR |
38 | 5/11/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 81.00 | HARDTACK I | BUTTERNUT |
39 | 5/12/58 | Enewetak | Surface | 1,370.00 | HARDTACK I | KOA |
40 | 5/16/58 | Enewetak | Underwater | 9.00 | HARDTACK I | WAHOO |
41 | 5/20/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 5.90 | HARDTACK I | HOLLY |
42 | 5/21/58 | Bikini | Barge | 25.10 | HARDTACK I | NUTMEG |
43 | 5/26/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 330.00 | HARDTACK I | YELLOWWOOD |
44 | 5/26/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 57.00 | HARDTACK I | MAGNOLIA |
45 | 5/30/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 11.60 | HARDTACK I | TOBACCO |
46 | 5/31/58 | Bikini | Barge | 92.00 | HARDTACK I | SYCAMORE |
47 | 6/2/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 15.00 | HARDTACK I | ROSE |
48 | 6/8/58 | Enewetak | Underwater | 8.00 | HARDTACK I | UMBRELLA |
49 | 6/10/58 | Bikini | Barge | 213.00 | HARDTACK I | MAPLE |
50 | 6/14/58 | Bikini | Barge | 319.00 | HARDTACK I | ASPEN |
51 | 6/14/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 1,450.00 | HARDTACK I | WALNUT |
52 | 6/18/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 11.00 | HARDTACK I | LINDEN |
53 | 6/27/58 | Bikini | Barge | 412.00 | HARDTACK I | REDWOOD |
54 | 6/27/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 880.00 | HARDTACK I | ELDER |
55 | 6/28/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 8,900.00 | HARDTACK I | OAK |
56 | 6/29/58 | Bikini | Barge | 14.00 | HARDTACK I | HICKORY |
57 | 7/1/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 5.20 | HARDTACK I | SEQUOIA |
58 | 7/2/58 | Bikini | Barge | 220.00 | HARDTACK I | CEDAR |
59 | 7/5/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 397.00 | HARDTACK I | DOGWOOD |
60 | 7/12/58 | Bikini | Barge | 9,300.00 | HARDTACK I | POPLAR |
61 | 7/14/58 | Enewetak | Barge | LOW | HARDTACK I | SCAEVOLA |
62 | 7/17/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 255.00 | HARDTACK I | PISONIA |
63 | 7/22/58 | Bikini | Barge | 65.00 | HARDTACK I | JUNIPER |
64 | 7/22/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 202.00 | HARDTACK I | OLIVE |
65 | 7/26/58 | Enewetak | Barge | 2,000.00 | HARDTACK I | PINE |
66 | 8/6/58 | Enewetak | Surface | FIZZ | HARDTACK I | QUINCE |
67 | 8/18/58 | Enewetak | Surface | 0.02 | HARDTACK I | FIG |